Spin Power

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Swipe or drag the rotor wheel hard to spin it!

How a Generator Converts Kinetic Energy into Electricity

Explore the fundamental physics of electromagnetic induction discovered by Michael Faraday in 1831.

• Faraday's Law• Lenz's Law & Counter-Torque• AC Sine Waveforms

1. Magnetic Flux Change

When permanent magnets rotate past stationary copper coils, the magnetic flux (ΦB) cutting through the wire changes rapidly. By Faraday's Law (EMF = -N · ΔΦB / Δt), this induced voltage drives electrons through the circuit.

2. Alternating Current (AC)

Because North and South magnetic poles alternate around the rotor circumference, the direction of magnetic flux reverses every half-cycle, pushing electrons forward and backward to generate a clean alternating current (AC) sinusoidal voltage.

3. Electrical Load & Braking

Energy cannot be created from nothing! According to Lenz's Law and conservation of energy, electrical current induced in the coils generates a counter-magnetic field that physically opposes rotor rotation. The more bulbs you light, the heavier the wheel feels!